Mobile news and the future of journalism

Question 1 . Explain the influences of the emergence of mobile news on the future of journalism. How substantial do you consider these influences to be? Mobile News and The future of Journalism Digital, mobile and visual technologies have provided us with new ways for society to find and share news and information, making them a key part of economic, social and cultural life. Today, People all over the world are increasingly shifting their consumption of news from newspapers and other traditional forms, to mobile news and Internet services and this is due to these advances in technology.As we are now living in a digital age, we are seeing big changes in the Journalism industry and new practices of Journalism are happening including the emergence of mobile news (the delivery and creation of news using mobile devices). Journalism is traditionally practiced through news organizations such as newspapers, broadcasting stations or news websites, but in a society where the Internet and mobi le is becoming first for news, Journalism has had to advance in order to keep up to date with these new platforms. But will the emergence of mobile news affect the future of journalism and if so, how?A conference was held in 2008 by the BBC College of Journalism discussing the future of Journalism in relation to advances in technology. ‘Today, as technology changes the lives of both Journalists and their customers, assumptions about what Journalism is and how it is practiced are being re-examined. ‘ (The future of Journalism, papers from conference, online). Peter Horrocks, director of BBC world services and one of the speakers at the conference, has seen how technology is changing Journalism and says that there is an end to what he calls ‘Fortress Journalism' and a new ‘NetworkedJournalism'. Horrocks explains that Fortress Journalism refers to Journalism that thinks of itself as a closed system, Journalists are the experts of news and we listen to them. Wher eas the new form of Journalism is ‘Networked Journalism' and this takes into account the collaborative nature of Journalism; it's about tearing down the fortresses and making it open to public allowing Journalist to communicate with the public. This idea of ‘Networked Journalism', means the barriers for entering the news circuit are not as big as before.Anyone with basic computer skills can set up a blog or a twitter account and can easily discuss news with the world, and it is the process of remediation that has influenced these changes in Journalism. Bolter and Grusin define ‘remediation' as a process whereby each new medium promises to reform its predecessors by offering a more immediate, authentic experience, for example the medium ot mobile news is said to be a better taster and more connected then the medium of television news. experience These new online methods of distributing news, does not necessary eradicate old raditional ways, i. . newspapers, televisi on and radio. ‘Technologies don't eliminate one another; they enhance or subtly change one another taking their place side-by- side in the new media ecology. ‘ ((Bolter & Grusin, 2000). Journalism lecture: Remediation) We are now carrying around the technology that allows us to have access to the Internet and news on-the-go thanks to gadgets like smartphones and tablets. These rapid advances in technology have changed the way in which we can get our news offering us this new medium of mobile news.The power of martphones and their ability to be more then Just a phone has been a big influence on the rising popularity of mobile news. With Millions of people owning these gadgets, the Journalism industry needed to re-think how to respond to this new form of technology where information and news is available immediately and free. News corporations have noticed that a growing number of people are using the Internet for news and so have tried to meet the demand for mobile news b y developing mobile web versions of the websites for easier access and applications for direct access to ll the news anytime.For example BBC news, Sky news, The Guardian, Mailonline are just a few of the many available news applications on smartphones. This emergence of mobile news isn't stopping newspaper Journalism, but it is affecting it, causing a declining in the consumption of newspapers by society. ‘The proportion of people reading a national daily newspaper has been declining over the past three decades. In 1978, †¦ 72 per cent of people aged 15 and over in Great Britain had read a national daily newspaper, †¦ 2 per cent in 1991 and 53 per cent in 2001. In 2009, †¦ 2 per cent had reported reading a national daily newspaper. ‘(Office for national statistics) It is probable that the main reason for the decline is this increased use of the Internet and mobile news. People are starting to use and rely on mobile news services instead of purchasing newsp apers or watching the news on television, and Journalist are in fact actively using these social medias themselves to communication and interact with the public.The State of the News Media (2012): An Annual Report on American Journalism, found that Mobile news is important because people feel they can, ave an impact on their communities, and feel more plugged into the media environment than they did a few years ago. ‘ ‘Citizens can not only read news from their local community, with tablets and smart phones, they can also share and post links to stories, comment, or contribute themselves. ‘ (State of the Media: Annual Report) Now, Journalism has an interactive dialogue between organisation, communities, and individuals.World events like the Egyptian 25th January revolution, was fully covered, not Just by professional Journalists, but also by the people of Egypt ia mobile phones and Internet. This communication and interaction with society is an advantage to Journal ism as it allows for better coverage of the news. This rise of new media has increased the communications between people all over the world and has allowed people to express themselves through blogs, websites, pictures, and other user-generated media.It is also making Journalists Jobs easier as they can use this user-generated information for their own work. This means that New-media technology is impacting established Journalism but also transforming the Internet into a more open, trustworthy and useful place for information and debate about news. ‘The development of the internet means that the process (news) is far quicker, more international in scope, and that the audience gets more of a look-in. Oournalism, principles and practice pp174) So what does the future hold for Journalism now that mobile news is becoming a popular platform? People are enjoying being connected to the world, knowing what is going and being able to be part of it, and this has allowed the business of mobile news to thrive. The mergence of new media is affecting Journalism for the better. Journalism is becoming more important then ever before as news is being distributed to a wider audience and having more of an affecting, as more people want to stay connected to the world by news.In order for Journalism to remain something that society needs, it must advance with the technology like everything else in society, so we are now seeing more online Journalism then ever before; the reporting of facts produced and distributed via the Internet. As technology becomes cheaper to manufacture, more eople will have access the Internet and mobile news will gain an even wider audience globally. The emergence of mobile news has meant that news has become more user-generated, meaning the consumers participate in the making of the news by adding content themselves.This may give the idea that the work of Journalist is not safe in the future as the audiences are also the contributor and creators of news, but Journalist have the skills to use this information, give it context and then report it, So Journalists will remain important. We have also seen Journalism change hroughout the centuries, from the '19th century printing press culture, to the 20th century television and radio culture, to now, the 21st century digital and online culture'. Oournalism lecture, Remediation).All this change brought about better- advanced ways of getting news and people want and need it in their life. Whilst some may opt for the free, but sometimes not factual option of news, others are still willing to pay for real, accurate and trustworthy news. Now with the many options available and the strong rise of mobile news, how it's delivered will be down to the news orporations and Journalists, but if newspapers are to survive the impact of the internet and news media in the future, then stricter controls on news online should be made to encourage society to use the traditional forms.https://idp.uwe.ac .uk/CookieAuth.dll?GetLogon?curl=Z2FadfsZ2FlsZ2FauthZ2FintegratedZ2FZ3FwaZ3Dwsignin1.0Z26wtrealmZ3DhttpsZ3AZ2FZ2Fauth-cas.uwe.ac.ukZ2FcasZ2Flogin&reason=0&formdir=7http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-bbb9e158-4a1b-43c7-8b3b-9651938d4d6ahttp://www.stateofthemedia.org/2012/overview-4/major-trends/http://www.webcitation.org/

Graduate Teacher Programme Essay

My passion in teaching children and young adults with diversified culture is attuned with my oral and written skills in the following languages: German, French, Spanish, Latin, and English. Early in life, I discovered that I have an innate ability to learn foreign languages and a keen interest in being with people with diverse nationalities. Though I am often regarded as a polyglot, there is nothing more fulfilling in my life than to be an effective educator. My interest in the field of education was confirmed when I started tutoring a young Vietnamese girl and working as an education coordinator of OBI, a DIY company in Germany. Although I will earn my first year of teaching experience in July 2009, the love of being with children and explaining their lessons in simple and well-organized manner has made my teachings useful, fun and easy to understand. In addition, I always inject a sense of humour to encourage active participation and to make the learning atmosphere relaxing and conducive to the individual differences of the young learners. I am fully aware that teaching is a challenging job but the intrinsic reward of awakening students’ interest and transforming them into a person capable of productively applying the knowledge that they have gained outweighs the challenges of this profession. In spite of being armed with the language proficiency skills that gave me the ability to speak English and four European languages, my desire to teach my native German language to young adults in the United Kingdom will only be possible upon the completion of the Graduate Teacher Programme of CILT. I am determined to earn a teaching credential in UK so I can teach and provide students with insights into my country’s history, culture and people. I believe that with my language skills, dedication to my profession, and the experiences that I have gained from my travel exposures, I am eligible for admission in this Graduate programme.

Budgets in higher education Essay

In higher education institutions, best budgeting practices involves the use of proper and excellent coordination of master plan which establishes all the priorities which have to be undertaken in the institution. This ensures that all the higher education institutions attend to their respective economic and educational goals. The institutions need to have in place excellent and sufficient infrastructure. In depth periodic facilities audits should be done so as to ensure that the facilities are well and adequate. There should be creation of baseline data for the institution so as to enhance planning procedure. The institutions’ operation budget should have an allocation of repair and renewal. All the needs of the institution should be allocated with the funds available. There is use of rational decision making process which enhances the effective means of budgeting (Caruthers & Orwig, 1979). Question two A grand university must always have good connections with the outside world through a well thought out and effective public relations policy. These much regarded connections go along way, albeit directly and indirectly, in building and maintaining the university’s image as well as being a resource in terms of being an avenue where funds and grants can be applied for. Many are instances when a university requires finances, out of its budget allocations, to carry out research studies, seminars, fairs, cultural activities and many other intermittent activities. With these three avenues serving the same purpose, there is a possibility that in their course of operations, they might approach a similar source, knowingly or unknowingly, and end up putting the image of the university at stake. The following are alternatives can be useful in harmonizing their activities (Knapp & Siegel, 2009). Firstly, the three bodies can be streamlined such that their activities are well synchronized and effective without necessarily clashing. For example, the finance operation could be liaising with the university’s accounting department to source for funds and oversee their use. The alumni organization can be only handling the monies from the alma mater as well as working with them closely with the objective of raising money courtesy of them. While the foundation offices could be dealing with the corporate world with a view of seeking funds from them. Secondly, all the three bodies can be revamped and made into a single entity and even given a new name. With such an action, all the activities that are currently being carried out by the three bodies can be combined. This will eradicate the possibility of a clash of their mandates given the fact that they will all be under a single supervision. References Caruthers, J. K. & Orwig, M. D. (1979). Budgeting in higher education. American Association for Higher Education Knapp, J. & Siegel, D. J. (2009). The Business of Higher Education: Management of Fiscal Strategies. New York: ABC-CLIO

Inquiring Minds want to know Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Inquiring Minds want to know - Assignment Example This is far more than what numbers can suggest as the supplementary text allows the reader to understand why the research was conducted (the problem recognition) along with the potential shortcomings of the study (Baer, Smith, Hopkins, Krietemeyer, & Toney, 2006). It further aids the comprehension of statistics and quantifiable metrics. In the words of one author, the use of text allows researchers to provide background information and highlight major trends from the research. The statistical information would be presented in this case by starting from the broader background (problem recognition) and ending with specific details. This is usually used in most research reports that begin with broader context (goals and objectives of research) and end up with specific findings and recommendations. A useful tool for representing statistical data would be drawing a â€Å"five number summary† on a chart known as the box-plot. The spread in customers’ responses shall be indica ted and enable the decision maker interpret the inquiry method towards which customers are skewed. Bar charts can be used to convey values through a scaled axis and make comparison easier along a multitude of dimensions. For instance, two parallel bar charts could be constructed for 1992 and 1997 depicting the inquiry methods used. Next, a pie chart could be extremely useful to depict the responses of the primary research conducted through 676 respondents. Apart from being visually appealing, pie charts allow the percentage of total held by each category, thereby making it easier to assess its contribution towards the total ‘pie’ (Iversen, Gergen, & Gergen, 1997). For instance, the ‘forecasted’ use of internet by respondents during next five years could be compared with the use of internet during the past year using two separate pie charts. Multiple bar charts would also be extremely useful in depicting data pertaining to the â€Å"newer inquiry methodsâ⠂¬  including Web-visits, fax-on-demand and email. These charts would allow the decision maker to not only compare the data within each class but also across classes (Francis, 2008). Furthermore, the data in this case is overlapping and not mutually exclusive. For instance, the use of e-mail (as an inquiry method) in the next five years by 73.7% of the respondents does not mean that these individuals are ‘not’ included in the 72.2% of respondents that will visit the website. In other words, it is highly possible that respondents using e-mail may â€Å"also† visit the web and vice versa. This necessitates using multiple bar charts as, unlike bar charts or pie charts, a ‘total’ is not required here. Since the decision maker is concerned more about drawing the comparison than looking at the respective proportions per se this method of representing data would be highly useful. As far as the data of respondents using telephone as an inquiry method for im mediate needs and mail for non-immediate needs is concerned, tables would be the most effective way of representing data. Tables have, since long, been considered as one of the most effective way of displaying data. They enable the decision make

IAQ & Thermal Comfort Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

IAQ & Thermal Comfort - Research Paper Example Both regional and international standards have been developed to prescribe indoor environmental conditions that are safe for buildings’ occupants. In order understand how these factors (Thermal comfort and indoor air quality) affect the quality of life people leave indoors, it is important to know the various aspects affecting them. This research paper, therefore, aims at discussing and understanding the various factors that affect the quality of indoor air (known as Indoor Air quality, IAQ), and factors that affect human thermal comfort. The paper also aims at discussing the relationship that exists between thermal comfort and Indoor Air quality. The research paper will also discuss challenge of combination and maintenance of these factors (Thermal Comfort and Indoor Air quality) in Saudi Arabia, among others. Indoor air quality Description Indoor air quality can be described as the quality of air around and within structures and buildings which people occupy (Amissah, 2005). This quality of air is related to the comfort and health of individuals who occupy these structures and/or buildings. An â€Å"accepted indoor air quality† can be defined as an air condition in which majority of the occupants are satisfied with it, and in which there is no accumulation of contaminants to levels that can affect humans negatively (harm occupants) (Amissah, 2005). The quality of indoor air depend on a number of factors, among them include: quantity, strength and type of indoor emissions and quality, quantity and type of air outdoor. In order to ensure that indoor air conditions are comfortable and at accepted levels, the spaces that exist indoors must receive sufficient amount of clean outdoor air (Al-ajmi, 2010). In addition to receiving sufficient amount of air, indoors should be ventilated. During ventilation it should be ensured that all the spaces indoors receive air that is not contaminated with harmful microbiological components or chemicals which are ha zardous in nature (Amissah, 2005). In summary, the quality of indoor is normally affected by outdoor climate, variations in operations that take place in buildings or structures, and activities of the building occupants. Before proceeding to discussing more about the factors that affect quality of indoor, it is important that certain terms and expression that relate to indoor air quality are understood. These terms include: a) Perceived air quality b) Standard person c) Olf (Amissah, 2005) Perceived air quality Perceived air quality can be defined as the fraction of percentage of people who are dissatisfied (Amissah, 2005). Meaning that, it is the fraction of people who feel that the quality of air in a space just after entering in is not acceptable. Perceived air quality is measured in decipols. One decipol is considered as the quality of perceived air in a space that is polluted with a pollution source of one olf, and is ventilated using clean air fed at a rate of 10 liters per se cond. Olf This is unit for measuring amount of pollution generated by occupants of a building or a structure (Al-ajmi, 2010). It is estimated a standard person generates pollution of one (1) olf. Standard person A standard person can be defined as an average sedentary individual (adult) who works in an office, and feels neutral in terms air and thermal quality, or an average office worker who is not

POLITICS how effective is parliament in ensuring executive Essay

POLITICS how effective is parliament in ensuring executive accountability - Essay Example An accountable executive must be in a position to; meet statutory obligations and audit requirements, produce substantive evidence in court proceedings, withstand attention from and scrutiny of the media, meet set standards for accreditation and justify their actions to commissions of inquiry like parliamentary commissions and the Royal Commissions (Budge et al, 2003). Parliament is the highest representative organ of the government that individually and collectively accounts to the people. It therefore must reflect social and public concerns so as to remain legitimate and accountable in the eyes of the public. By the mandate given in the constitution, parliament has a responsibility to ensure transparency and accountability of the executive arm of the government and achieve this role by assuming oversight to all activities of the executive and all its auxiliary bodies. To do this effectively, parliament staff must be strengthened in their oversight role so as to deliver their mandat e as non partisan officials of the state. Parliament therefore uses a number of mechanisms to check on the transactions of the executive. In doing so, institutional accountability of parliament must also be maintained collectively. Since fosters of accountability must first show that they are accountable as well. This is achievable by the members of parliament developing a code of behaviour that will guide them as they pursue this mandate (Garnett et al, 2012). This essay is discusses the mechanisms put in place by parliament to hold the executive to account. It discusses these in detail, their pros and cons, and then concludes with an analysis of how effective they are in ensuring executive accountability. First among these mechanisms is the use of parliamentary select committees, then there is ministerial question time and finally there is prime minister question time. The following section discusses these measures into detail. Select Committees Parliamentary select committees are committees that can be appointed by the House of Commons or the House of Lords or Joint Committees drawn from both houses. Examples of these committees are the Foreign Affairs Select Committee, the Delegated Powers and Regulatory Reform Committee and the Joint Committee on Human Rights Respectively. Committees may be sessional, which means they are permanent or near permanent, or they may also be ad-hoc, meaning they are appointed just to complete a certain task and then disbanded (Garnett et al, 2012). Committees in parliament are formed to ensure transparency, efficiency and accountability of executive and as stated earlier of parliament itself. The work of committees is primarily to pore over the transactions of the executive and ensure executive transparency to the public. Constitutional Committee This committee of the House of Lords spans across all parties and has the mandate has the mandate of resisting constitutional change that will harm the interest of the people. It inve stigates a proposed amendment by engaging experts including members of the executive and the public before any amendments are made. Economic Affairs Committee The economic affairs committee is a committee of the House of Lords charged with the responsibility of scrutinizing the financial

Humanitarian Supply Chains & Disaster Relief Management Assignment

Humanitarian Supply Chains & Disaster Relief Management - Assignment Example â€Å"In addition, international humanitarian law and international criminal law prohibit acts of torture and ill-treatment not limited to those perpetrated by government forces, but also by members of armed groups.† (Caring for human rights challenges and opportunities for nurses and midwives, 2006). However, it is necessary and even imperative that disasters need to be stopped on their tracks through global satellite positioning techniques and Early Warning Systems (EWS). But this is easier said than done. Nevertheless, â€Å"practicing information gathering during a non-critical event or during a disaster to which the team is not responding is an excellent way to practice and hone skills.† (Budd n.d, p.14). There needs to be maximum consistency, coordination and assimilation between discrete, independent and diverse agencies along the humanitarian supply chain if the main objectives of such efforts are to fructify the threat of disasters itself rather than to underta ke relief and rescue operations after the horses have bolted from their stables. This study considers the critical appraisal and evaluation of the importance of logistics and supply chain management aspects and their impacts on humanitarian supply chain and disaster relief management. Humanitarian logistics underpin relief and rescue operations throughout the world. â€Å"The process of planning, implementing and controlling the efficient, cost-effective flow and storage of goods and materials as well as related information, from the point of origin to the point of consumption for the purpose of meeting the end beneficiary’s requirements.†